Society Shaping Bodies Bibliography

Creams, Colonization, and Colorism

Becky L. Choma, Kathryn Harper.“Internalised White Ideal, Skin Tone Surveillance, and Hair Surveillance Predict Skin and Hair Dissatisfaction and Skin Bleaching among African American and Indian Women.” Sex Roles, no. 80 (2019): 735-744. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11199-018-0966-9

Charles, Christopher A.D. “ Skin Bleaching and the Prestige Complexion of Sexual Attraction.” Sexuality and Culture, no. 15 (2011): 375-390. DOI: 10.1007/s12119-011-9107-0

Das, Madhusmita, Sharma, Sangeeta.“ Fetishizing Women: Advertising in Indian Television and its Effects on Target Audiences.” Journal of International Women’s Studies 18, no. 1 (2016): 114-132. Accessed November 3, 2020 https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/genderwatch/docview/1848504081/37C2B4C0F6EE4C91PQ/1?accountid=14541

Glenn, Evelyn N. “ Yearning for Lightness: Transnational Circuits in the Marketing and Consumption of Skin Lighteners.” Gender and Society, no. 3 (2008): 281-302. Accessed November 2, 2020 https://www.jstor.org/stable/27821646

International Beauty Exchange, Inc., American. Package of African Formula Skin Lightening Cream. Ca. 2014. Retrieved from NMAAHC collection, Accessed November 3, 2020. https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2014.284.2abc?destination=edan-search/collection_search%3Fedan_local%3D1%26edan_q%3Dlightening%252Bcream

Jablonski, N.G., "Aspiring to Lightness, Living Color: The biological and social meaning of skin color, 2012. 169-182 https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.1525/j.ctt1pn64b.19 

Mubaya, Tapuwa R., Mawere, Munyaradzi. “Mental Colonialism, Skin Bleaching, and the African Denial of the Self: Interrogating Skin Bleaching and Make-up among African Women.” GMOs, Consumerism and the Global Politics of Biotechnology: Rethinking Food, Bodies and Identities in Africa’s 21st Century, (2017): 235-255. Accessed November 2, 2020. DOI: 10.2307/j.ctvh9vth5.12.

theOpenBook, “Colonization and Imperialism,” 3:33, June 5, 2018, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHrHgnRswhM 

Phoenix, Aisha. “Open space colorism and the politics of beauty.” feminist review 108, (2014): 97-105. DOI: 10.1057/fr.2014.18

Pierre, Jemima.“ ‘I Like Your Colour!’ skin bleaching and geographies of race in urban Ghana.” Feminist Review, no. 90(2008): 9-29. DOI: http://dx.doi.org.mutex.gmu.edu/10.1057/fr.2008.36.  

Sambhi, Sandeep K. “All is Not Fair: The Cosmetics War on Women in India.” Order no. 10193441, University of Oregon, 2016. Accessed on November 3, 2020.  https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/1853940830?accountid=14541.

Swatibhargava01, “9X Fairness Cream Commerical, 0:34, October 23, 2007, 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ahdvo70fRhk

Sweet Georgia Brown, American. Advertisement for Sweet Georgia Brown skin bleaching creams. Ca. 1930. Retrieved from NMAAHC collection, Accessed November 3, 2020. https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2011.166.21

Photographing a Perfect Body

Hainge, Greg. “Unfixing the Photographic Image: Photography, Indexicality, Fidelity, and Normativity.” Continuum: Journal of Media & Cultural Studies 22, no. 5 (October 2008): 715-30. Doi:10.1080/10304310802311659.

RodrÌguez, MarÌa Graciela. “Behind Lenis Outlook: A Perspective on the Film Olympia (1938).” International Review for the Sociology of Sport 38, no. 1 (March 2003): 109–16. https://doi.org/10.1177/10126902030381007.

Meyer, Leisa D. ""Strange Love": Searching for Sexual Subjectivities in Black Print Popular Culture during the 1950s." Feminist Studies 38, no. 3 (Fall, 2012): 625-657,784. https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/1283329491?accountid=14541.

Roth, Lorna. "Looking at Shirley, the Ultimate Norm: Colour Balance, Image Technologies, and Cognitive Equity." Canadian Journal of Communication 34, no. 1 (2009): 111-136. doi:http://dx.doi.org.mutex.gmu.edu/10.22230/cjc.2009v34n1a2196.https://searchproquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/219534659?accountid=14541.

Villena, María Rosón. "Colita in Context: Photography and Feminism during the Spanish Transition." Arte y Políticas De Identidad 16, (06, 2017): 56-74, https://search-proquest-com.mutex.gmu.edu/docview/1988462574?accountid=14541 (accessed November 3, 2020).

Parsons, Sarah, ed. Photography after Photography: Gender, Genre, History. Durham; London: Duke University Press, 2017. Accessed November 4, 2020. doi:10.2307/j.ctv11cw0v3.

Hartman, S.V. Wayward Lives, Beautiful Experiments: Intimate Histories of Social Upheaval. W.W. Norton, Incorporated, 2019. https://books.google.com/books?id=AzFEtwEACAAJ.

Peters, Lauren Downing. “‘Fashion Plus’: Pose and the Plus-Size Body in Vogue, 1986-1988.” Fashion Theory: The Journal of Dress, Body & Culture 21, no. 2 (2016): 175–99.

Blight, Daniel C. The Image of White-ness: Contemporary Photography and Racialization First edition. London: SPBH Editions, Sel Publish, Be Happy and Art on the Underground, 2020.

Social Media's Impact on Beauty Standards

Aparicio-Martinez, P., A. Perea-Moreno, M. Martinez-Jimenez, M. Redel-Macías, C. Pagliari, and M. Vaquero-Abellan. "Social Media, Thin-Ideal, Body Dissatisfaction and Disordered Eating Attitudes: An Exploratory Analysis." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 21 (October 2019), 4177. doi:10.3390/ijerph16214177.

Brucculieri, Julia. "Instagram Influencers Are All Starting To Look The Same. Here's Why." HuffPost. Last modified March 9, 2018. https://www.huffpost.com/entry/instagram-influencers-beauty_n_5aa13616e4b002df2c6163bc?guccounter=1.

Hashaw. "The Effect of Celebrities in Advertisements." Houston Chronicle. Last Modified March 29, 2019. https://smallbusiness.chron.com/effect-celebrities-advertisements-56821.html

Lodge, Caroline, Eileen Carnell, and Marianne Coleman. "Cover up." In The New Age of Ageing: How Society Needs to Change, 111-30. Bristol: Bristol University Press, 2016. Accessed November 2, 2020. doi:10.2307/j.ctt1t898br.14.

Oakes, Kelly. "The Complicated Truth About Social Media and Body Image." BBC. Last modified March 10, 2019. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190311-how-social-media-affects-body-image.

Pitts-Taylor, Victoria. "Miss World, Ms. Ugly: Feminist Debates." In Surgery Junkies: Wellness and Pathology in Cosmetic Culture, 73-99. New Brunswick, New Jersey; London: Rutgers University Press, 2007. Accessed October 13, 2020. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt5hjd3s.7.

Stenberg, Shari J., and Charlotte Hogg. "Karin Hitselberger." In Persuasive Acts: Women's Rhetorics in the Twenty-First Century, 434-38. Pittsburgh, Pa.: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2020. Accessed October 13, 2020. doi:10.2307/j.ctvwrm691.79.

Tarvin, Emily. "YOU LOOK DISGUSTING: A Case Study of the YouTube Beauty Community." Studies in Popular Culture 41, no. 1 (2018): 37-65. Accessed October 13, 2020. doi:10.2307/26582196.

Tolentino, Jia. "The Age of Instagram Face." The New Yorker. Last modified December 12, 2019. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/decade-in-review/the-age-of-instagram-face.

Widdows, Heather. "Life Is One Long Catwalk." In Perfect Me: Beauty as an Ethical Ideal, 50-69. PRINCETON; OXFORD: Princeton University Press, 2018. Accessed November 2, 2020. doi:10.2307/j.ctvc77j2q.6.

Willingham, AJ. "Social Media Filters Mess with Our Perceptions So Much, There's Now a Name for It." CNN. Last modified August 10, 2018. https://www.cnn.com/2018/08/10/health/snapchat-dysmorphia-cosmetic-surgery-social-media-trend-trnd/index.html.

The Pornographic Impact:

  1. Hooker, D. (1970, February). Bibi and Barbara [Photograph]. Playboy Magazine February 1970.
  2. Alas, M., & M. P. (2013, December). Kate Moss [Photograph]. Playboy Magazine January/February 2014. 
  3.  How Porn Affects Sexual Tastes. (2018, June 26). Retrieved November 16, 2020, from https://fightthenewdrug.org/how-porn-affects-sexual-tastes/
  4.  The Most Up-to-Date Pornography Statistics. (2015, January). Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://www.covenanteyes.com/pornstats/
  5.  Gallop, C. (2009). Make love, not porn. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from https://www.ted.com/talks/cindy_gallop_make_love_not_porn
  6.  Gallop, C. (2020, October 20). MakeLoveNotPorn - social sex video sharing platform. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from https://makelovenotporn.tv/
  7.  May, C. (2011, March 22). Porn made for women, by women. Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2011/mar/22/porn-women
  8.  Bałaga, M. (2019, February 14). Erika Lust • Director. Retrieved November 25, 2020, from https://cineuropa.org/en/interview/368113/
  9. Brown, S. (2017, October 13). Porn: Made for men, by men. Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://dailyevergreen.com/18487/special-editions/sex-edition/sex-edition 2017/how-women-are-treated-in-the-porn-industry
  10. The Most Up-to-Date Pornography Statistics. (2015, January). Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://www.covenanteyes.com/pornstats/
  11. Candace Collins [Photograph]. (1979). Playboy Magazine.
  12. Sinparty. (2020, March 27). Softcore vs. Hardcore Pornography: Origins, Rules, and History. Retrieved November 16, 2020, from https://medium.com/@sinparty/softcore-vs   hardcore-pornography-origins-rules-and-history-442f10bb677 
  13. Glass, J. (2016, February 11). A Former 'Playboy' PA on the Glory Days of Softcore. Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://www.thrillist.com/sex-dating/nation/so-how-does-softcore-porn-work-are-actors-in-softcore-having-sex
  14. Andrews, D. (2004). Convention and Ideology in the Contemporary Softcore Feature: The Sexual Architecture of House of Love. The Journal of Popular Culture, 38(1), 5-33. doi:10.1111/j.0022-3840.2004. 00098.x
  15. Pet of Year Special Isabella Concetta Ardigo [Photograph]. (1980, November). Penthouse Magazine Vol. 15 No. 11 1981.
  16.   P. (2005, August 16). Gonzo. Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Gonzo
  17.  Alberto Brodesco (2016) POV to the people: online discourses about gonzo pornography, Porn    Studies, 3:4, 362-372, DOI: 10.1080/23268743.2016.1241158
  18. Alper, B. (2019, February 16). Don't Let Sex Distract You from the Revolution. Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://www.nytimes.com/2019/02/16/opinion/sunday/sex-power-feminism.html
  19. Altman, Andrew, and Lori Watson. Debating Pornography. New York, NY: Oxford University   Press, 2019.
  20. Goetz, J. (1980s). Dworkin at an anti-porn demonstration in New Orleans [Photograph]. New York Magazine.
  21. Ruobing Su, T. (2019, October 30). Here's a map showing which US states have passed laws against revenge porn - and those where it's still legal. Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://www.businessinsider.com/map-states-where-revenge-porn-banned-2019-10
  22. Dekeseredy, W. S., & Schwartz, M. D. (2016). Thinking Sociologically About Image-Based        Sexual Abuse. Sexualization, Media, & Society, 2(4), 237462381668469.        doi:10.1177/2374623816684692
  23. Ruobing Su, T. (2019, October 30). Here's a map showing which US states have passed laws against revenge porn - and those where it's still legal. Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://www.businessinsider.com/map-states-where-revenge-porn-banned-2019-10
  24. Ciclitira, K. (2004). Pornography, Women and Feminism: Between Pleasure and Politics. Sexualities, 7(3), 281-301. doi:10.1177/136346070404014
  25. Halverson, H. (2019, March 31). Opinion | The anti-porn movement is growing. The public is just catching up. Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/in-theory/wp/2016/05/27/the-anti-porn-movement-is-growing-the-public-is-just-catching-up/
  26. James Binnie & Paula Reavey (2020) Development and implications of pornography use: a narrative review, Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 35:2, 178-194, DOI:            10.1080/14681994.2019.1635250
  27. McElroy, W. (n.d.). A Feminist Defense of Pornography. Free Inquiry Magazine, 14(4).
  28. The Most Up-to-Date Pornography Statistics. (2015, January). Retrieved November 24, 2020, from https://www.covenanteyes.com/pornstats/ 

  29. Tarrant, Shira. “Porn 101: Why College Kids Need Porn Literacy Training.” AlterNet, September 15, 2010. http://www.rolereboot.org/wp-content/themes/rolereboot/assets/ttp/pornography_101-_why_college_kids_need_porn_literacy_training.pdf.

 

The Restriction of Women Through the Use of Fashion

Atkinson, Nathalie, The Politics of Pockets and Women's Wear: It May Seem like a Small           Detail, but Pockets in Women's Wear Can Be Considered a Feminist Issue (The Globe           and Mail, 12 May 2019.) Genderwatch. 

Bhargava, Hansa D. “The Worst Shoes for Your Feet.” WebMD, WebMD, 29 Aug. 2019.

Cavanaugh, Erin, The Power of the Pocket (See Rose Go, See Rose Go, 22 July 2019)

Fitch, Samantha, The Gendered Pocket: Fashion and Patriarchal Anxieties about the Female        Consumer in Select Victorian Literature (PhD diss., Indiana University of Pennsylvania,            2017.)

Gottschalk, Mary. “History of Shoes Is Filled with Pain; So, Why Do Women Wear High             Heels?: [FINAL Edition].” The Gazette, 28 Mar. 1991. Genderwatch. 

Gustashaw, Megan, “Why Men's Designer Clothes Are Actually Cheaper Than Women's Versions of the Same Thing.” GQ, GQ, 9 Aug. 2017. 

H., Christina. “The 7 Most Baffling Things About Women's Clothes.” Cracked.com,         Cracked.com, 17 Jan. 2012.

Hillman, Betty Luther. “‘The Clothes I Wear Help Me to Know My Own Power’: The Politics of             GenderPresentation in the Era of Women's Liberation.” Frontiers: A Journal of Women    Studies, vol. 34, no. 2, 2013, p. 155., DOI:10.5250/fronjwomestud.34.2.0155. 

self-presentation and beauty standards have affected and continue to affect women’s lives today.  

Johnson, Kim, Lennon, Sharron J., Rudd, Nancy. “Dress, Body, and Self: Research in the Social Psychology of Dress.” Springer Open, 22 Nov. 2014. 

Winters, Katie. “Give Us Pockets or Give Us Death! The History Behind Pockets in Women’s     Clothing.” University Wire, 28 Jan. 2020. Genderwatch. 

“Women's Clothing Causes Difficulties.” Kentucky Kernel, University of Kentucky , 24 Apr.       2017. 

Worstall, Tim. “Why Do Retailers Charge Women More Than Men? Because They Can.”            Forbes, Forbes Magazine, 20 Jan. 2016.

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